PROTECTED AREAS OF TURKEY
Transkript
PROTECTED AREAS OF TURKEY
GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF NATURE CONSERVATION AND NATIONAL PARKS PROTECTED AREAS OF TURKEY TÜRKİYE’NİN KORUNAN ALANLARI Prof. Dr. M. Kemal YALINKILIÇ YALINKILIÇ General Director 02.25.2010 - İstanbul TURKEY; • is the country where Europe, Asia and Middle East meet • Avrupa, Asya ve Ortadoğu’nun buluşma noktasında bir ülke, • -is one of the countries where three floristic regions and biodiversity hotspots meet • 3 adet floristik bölgenin ve biyoçeşitlilik açısından sıcak noktalarının buluştuğu ülkelerden birisi, • -has around 11.000 plant species one third of plant species are endemic • 11.000 bitki türüne sahip ve bunların 1\3’ü endemik • -located on the bird migration routes • Kuş göç yolları üzerinde bir ülke ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN TURKEY Türkiye’nin Biyoçeşitlilik Koruma Organizasyon Yapısı MINISTER/Bakan UNDERSECRETARY/Müsteşar ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY FOR SPECIAL AREAS Özel Çevre Koruma Kurumu B. DEPUTY UNDERSECRETARY Müsteşar Yrd. GENERAL DIRECTOR GENEL MÜDÜR DEPUTY GENERAL DIRECTOR Genel Müdür Yrd. DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS Milli Parklar D. DEPUTY GENERAL DIRECTOR Genel Müdür Yrd. DEPARTMENT OF NATURE CONSERVATION Doğa Koruma D. DEPUTY GENERAL DIRECTOR Genel Müdür Yrd. DEPARTMENT OF HUNTING AND WILDLIFE Av ve Yaban H.D. DEPARTMENT OF RECRATION AREAS Mesire Yerleri D. PROVINCIAL DIRECTORATES İl Müdürlükleri DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS / MİLLİ PARKLAR DAİRESİ ‐Survey and Inventory Sub Division / (Etüt Envanter Şubesi) ‐Development Plans Sub Division (Gelişme Planları Şubesi) ‐Management of Area Sub Division (Alan Yönetimi Şubesi) ‐Monitoring and Evaluation Sub Division (İzleme ve Değerlendirme Şubesi) ‐Legal Rights Sub Division (Kanuni Haklar Şubesi) DEPARTMENT OF GAME AND WILDLIFE / AV VE YABAN HAYATI D. ‐Survey and Inventory Sub Division (Etüt Envanter Şubesi) ‐ Planning Sub‐Division (Planlama Şubesi) ‐Hunting Management Sub Division ( Avcılık Yönetimi Şubesi) ‐Wildlife Management Sub Division (Yaban Hayatı Yönetimi Şubesi) ‐Animal Protection Sub Division (Hayvan Koruma Şubesi) DEPARTMENT OF NATURE PROTECTION / DOĞA KORUMA DAİRESİ ‐ Wetlands Sub Division (Sulak Alanlar Şubesi) ‐ Biodiversity Sub Division (Biyoloçeşitlilik ve Gen Kaynakları Şubesi) ‐Sensitive Ecosystem Sub Division (Hassas Ekosistemler Şubesi) ‐Protected Species Sub Division (Korunan Türler Şubesi) ‐Foreign Affairs Sub Division (Dış İlişkiler Şubesi) ‐Landscape Protection Sub Division (Peyzaj Koruma Şubesi) DEPARTMENT OF RECREATIONAL AREAS/ MESİRE YERLERİ D. ‐Survey and Inventory Sub Division (Etüt Envanter Şubesi) ‐Planning Sub Division (Planlama Şubesi) ‐Project Implementation Sub Division (Proje Uygulama Şubesi) ‐Management Sub Division (Yönetim Şubesi) OUR VISION To conduct the necessary work in order to protect our natural resource values and as a result, ecological and biological richness of our country and hand them on to the future generations. VİZYONUMUZ Doğal kaynak değerlerimizi ve ülkemizin ekolojik ve biyolojik zenginliğini korumak ve gelecek nesillere onları ulaştırmak için gerekli çalışmaları yapmak OUR MISSION MİSYONUMUZ • To provide the sustainability of natural resources while keeping in mind the utilizationprotection balance. • Koruma kullanım dengesini dikkate alarak doğal kaynakların sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak • To manage the resources with plans which are in accordance with the biological diversity strategy • Biyolojik çeşitlilik stratejisi kapsamında kaynakları planlı bir şekilde yönetmek • To save our people from the role of poor guard of rich resources • Halkımızı, zengin kaynakların fakir bekçileri konumundan kurtarmak INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS & PROTOCOLS RATIFIED BY TURKEY 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Convention for the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (BERN) (BERN) (1984) Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, Especially as as Waterfowl Habitat (RAMSAR) (1994) Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) (1997) Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (2004) Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) (1996) European Landscape Convention (2001) Convention for the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea Against Pollution (Barcelona) (1981) and its protocols including the Protocol on Special Protected Areas Areas and Biodiversity in the Mediterranean (1988) Convention for the Protection of the Black Sea Against Pollution (Bucharest) (1994) and its protocols including the Protocol for the Protection of Biological Biological and Landscape Diversity in the Black Sea (2004) Convention for the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage (1983) Convention to Combat Desertification (CCD) (1998) European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals RICHNESS OF TURKEY IN TERMS OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY Flora (Number of Species) Fauna (Number of Species) EU Countries 12.000 60.000 Turkey 80.000 11.000 Turkey is the one of the third countries which is has the three biogeographical regions in the same time Dünyada aynı anda 3 Biyocoğrafik Bölgeyi üzerinde bulunduran 2 ülkeden biriyiz. TÜRKİYE’DE KORUMA ÇALIŞMALARI CONSERVATION STUDIES IN TURKEY Site Conservation Conservation of Species Alan Koruma Tür Koruma 2008-2012 ACTION PLANS ARE PREPARED FOR ENDEMIC AND ENDANGERED FLORA VE FAUNA SPECIES ENDEMİK VE NESLİ TEHLİKE ALTINDA TÜRLER İÇİN 2008-2012 FAALİYET PLANLARI HAZIRLANDI Anadolu Yaban Koyunu, Kara Akbaba, Çizgili Sırtlan, Toy, Kelaynak, Deniz Kaplumbağası, Akdeniz Foku, Ceylan, Hopa Engereği, Alageyik, Kızılgeyik, Huş Tavuğu, Dev (Baran) Kertenkelesi Yanar Döner Çiçeği, Eber Sarısı Species that officially protected in 2009 Flora Fauna Konya KaşağıTülüşah Anadolu Sıvacısı Ters Lale Çayır Çekirgesi Tavşan Kulağı Su Samuru Aydın Gaşağı Silifke Dikenli Faresi Kısa Mahmut Toros Kurbağası Toros kardeleni Tepeli Pelikan Siklamen Nil Kaplumbağası Alaca Yalıçapkını 11 NUMBER OF PROTECTED AREAS IN TURKEY Conservation Status Number Related Law National park (Milli Park) 41 Law on National Parks Nature reserve area (Tabiat Koruma Alanı 31 Law on National Parks Natural monument (Tabiat Anıtı) 105 Law on National Parks Nature parks (Tabiat Parkı) 36 Law on National Parks Wild life reserve areas (Yaban Hayatı G.S.) 88 Law on Terrestrial Hunting Conservation forest ( 56 Law on Forest Genetic conservation areas (Gen K 188 Law on Forest Seed stands 337 Law on Forest Specially protected areas (SPAs) (ÖÇK Alanı ) 14 Law on Environment Nature sites (Doğal sit) 947 Law on Conservation of Cultural And Natural Heritage Ramsar sites (Ramsar Alanı) 13 Ramsar Convention By-law on Conservation of Wetlands NATIONAL PARKS MİLLİ PARKLARIMIZ Total : 41 NATURE PARKS TABİAT PARKLARIMIZ Total : 39 IMPORTANCE OF TURKEY’S WETLANDS TÜRKİYE SULAK ALANLARININ ÖNEMİ • Batı Palearktik Kuş Göç Yollarından 2’si Türkiye’den geçmektedir. • Two of West Paleoarctic Bird Migration Routes are on Turkey Density at migration Main Migration Routes IMPORTANCE OF TURKEY’S WETLANDS TÜRKİYE SULAK ALANLARININ ÖNEMİ • Bulunduğu coğrafya itibariyle biyolojik çeşitlilik açısından en zengin sulak alanlar. • As geographical position, Turkey has the richest wetlands in terms of biological diversity Turkey’s Biogeography, the meeting point IMPORTANCE OF TURKEY’S WETLANDS TÜRKİYE SULAK ALANLARININ ÖNEMİ • Ramsar kriterlerine göre 135 alan uluslararası öneme sahip sulak alan konumundadır. • According to Ramsar Criteria, 135 wetlands are international important sites. International Important Wetlands of Turkey 135 International important wetlands……….………………2.300.000 ha. 13 Ramsar Sites…………………………………………..……200.000 ha. RAMSAR SITES SITE NO SITE NAME YEAR PROVINCE AREA (ha) 1 Kuş Lake 1994 Balıkesir 16000 2 Göksu Delta 1994 Mersin 14480 3 Burdur Lake 1994 Burdur 25000 4 Sultansazlığı 1994 Kayseri 39000 5 Seyfe Lake 1994 Kırşehir 19500 6 Uluabat Lake 1998 Bursa 13500 7 Akyatan Lake 1998 Adana 14000 8 Gediz Delta 1998 İzmir 20400 9 Kızılırmak Delta 1998 Samsun 21700 10 Meke Maar 2005 Konya 11 Kızören Obrook 2005 Konya 127 12 Yumurtalık Lagoon 2005 Adana 16430 13 Kuyucuk Lake 2009 Kars 314 389 Wetland Conservation Zones Sulak Alan Koruma Bölgeleri Primary Conservation Zone /Mutlak Koruma B. Wetland Zone / Sulak Alan B. Ecological Impact Zone / Ekolojik Etkilenme B. Buffer Zone / Tampon Bölge Wetland conservation zones stated in regulation Wetland Management Plans Sulak Alan Yönetim Planları • Preparation procedure takes 2 years. of plans • Planın hazırlama sürmektedir. süreci 2 yıl • First year physical, ecological and socio-economical data of the site is collected • İlk yıl alana ait fiziksel, ekolojik ve sosyo-ekonomik veriler toplanır. • Also all stakeholders are informed on management plan and their contribution is provided • Ayrıca, yönetim planı hakkında ilgi grupları bilgilendirilerek katkıları sağlanır. • In Second year obtained data is evaluated by experts of institutions and and management plan is constituted with opinions and contributions of all stakeholders • İkinci yıl elde edilen data kurum ve kuruluşların uzmanları ile değerlendirilerek bütün ilgi gruplarının görüş ve katkıları ile yönetim planı oluşturulur. BIRD PARADISES PROJECT AIM: Increasing the attention of people to wetlands and by ecoeco-tourism activities. activities. AMAÇ: Ekoturizm aktiviteleri ile insanların sulak alanlara olan ilgisini arttırmak arttırmak RAMSAR SULAK ALANLARIN AKILCI KULLANIMI SERİSİ RAMSAR WETLAND WISE USE HANDBOOKS “TRAINING OF HUNTERS; OBLIGATORY.. 244.000 HUNTERS TRAINED With the Land Hunting Law enacted in 2003; Training of hunters was made obligatory and it lead to the opening of private hunter training courses. Thus a new sector has been created. Except our Ministry; there are 16 private hunter training courses in 11 provinces. 2003 yılında yasallaşan 4915 sayılı Kara Avcılığı Kanunu ile İlk defa avcı eğitimi zorunlu hale getirilerek, özel avcı eğitim kursları açılmasına da imkan sağlanmıştır. Bakanlığımız haricinde; 11 ilde 16 Özel Eğitim Kurumu avcı eğitimi vermektedir. Number of Hunters Who Attended the Hunter Training Courses and Obtained a Hunter’s Certificate Years 2001 2002 2003 2005 2006 2007 2008 Number of Hunters with Certificate 37.220 28.417 6.991 69.095 28.527 30.576 21.596 2009 TOTAL 21.685 244.107 WILDLIFE RESOURCES OF OUR COUNTRY DETERMINED WITH INVENTORY STUDIES 6000 - 7000 Red Deer, (Kızıl geyik) 15 000 – 20 000 Roe Deer, (Karaca) 100 - 150 Fallow Deer, (Alageyik) 4000 - 5000 Chamois, (Çengelboynuzlu dağ keçisi) 25 000 – 30 000 Wild Goat, (Yaban Keçisi) 1500 - 2000 Anatolian Wild Sheep, (Anadolu Yaban Koyunu 2500 - 3000 Gazelle (Ceylan) 250 000 – 300 000 Wild Boar (Domuz) Years Inventory studies have been conducted from 2000 to 2009 to determine the populations of large mammals in our country Number of Inventory Study Total Inventory Area (hectares) 2000 9 170 138 2001 39 651 960 2002 51 718 056 2003 30 477 727 2004 50 681 739 2005 85 938 252 2006 94 1 849 294 2007 95 2 456 443 2008 76 3 799 643 2009 47 1 393 473 Total 581 12 739 559 PROGRESSION FROM UNCONTROLLED WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT TO CONTROLLED WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT : PILOT HUNTING GROUND MANAGEMENT Rise of a new sector… 57 Pilot Hunting Grounds are Managed by Natural or Juricidal Persons. NUMBER OF FOREIGN HUNTERS AT HUNTING TOURISM ACTIVITIES 1.400 1.314 1.348 1.140 1.200 1.000 892 800 738 763 2004 2005 600 419 400 315 200 0 2002 2003 2006 2007 2008 2009 GLOBALLY “CR” BALD IBIS PROJECT They are bred in Urfa-Birecik Bald Ibis breeding station in halfwild habitat and released to nature. They are critically endangered worldwide, world population is not more than 50, (Morocco, Syria, Spain) With the appropriate preventive measures, they reached to a number of more than 100 by the year 2007, 5 of them released for migration, watched by radio-transmitters. Unfortunately, all found dead around Oman. RECREATION MANAGEMENT NEW PLANNING APPROACH RECREATION AREAS MESİRE YERLERİ LAST FIVE YEARS: 110 NEW RECREATION AREAS YIL L AR İT İBARİYL E M ES İRE YERİ S AYIS I 200 100 0 1956-2002 46 yıl 2003-2008 14 SPECIAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTED AREAS OF TURKEY ÖZEL ÇEVRE KORUMA ALANLARI ACTIVITIES AT SPECIAL AREAS ÖZEL ÇEVRE KORUMA FAALİYETLERİ Number of Projects Between 1990-2002: 373 projects implemented Between 2003-2009: 1.731 projects implemented Yıllar Total: 2104 projects THE BEST OPEN AREA OF EUROPE: DALYAN BEACH BETWEEN 24 COUNTRIES, DALYAN BEACH WAS CHOSEN AS THE BEST OPEN SPACE OF EUROPE BY THE TIMES DALYAN PLAJI THE TIMES GAZETESİ TARAFINDAN 24 ÜLKE İÇİNDEN EN İYİ AÇIK ALAN OLARAK SECİLMİŞTİR. AFTER / SONRA BEFORE / ÖNCE Thank You For Your Attention Teşekkürler Prof. Dr. M. Kemal YALINKILIÇ YALINKILIÇ General Director 02.26.2010 - İstanbul 34