in Turkey - Anadolu Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi
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in Turkey - Anadolu Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi
Anadolu Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 3(2): 15-17, 2012 (Journal of Anatolian Natural Sciences) Research Note First Data on Ant-attendance to Balcanocerus balcanicus (Horváth, 1903) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae, Idiocerinae) in Turkey İnanç Özgen1*, Albena Lapeva-Gjonova2, Ilia Gjonov 3 1. Fırat University, Baskil Vocational School, Elazığ, Turkey 2. Sofia University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Zoology and Anthropology, 8 Dragan Tsankov blvd.,Sofia 1164, Bulgaria 3. P.O.Box 233, 1618 Sofia, Bulgaria *iozgen@firat.edu.tr Abstract: This study was reported as first data about ant-attendance to Balcanocerus balcanicus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from Turkey after previous ones from Bulgaria. Keywords: Balcanocerus balcanicus, Ant-attendance, Turkey Türkiye’de Balcanocerus balcanicus (Horváth, 1903) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae, Idiocerinae) Karınca İlişkisi Üzerine İlk Veriler Özet: Bu çalışma; Bulgaristan da yapılan ilk çalışmadan sonra, Türkiye’de Balcanocerus balcanicus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) ile karınca ilişkisi hakkında ilk verileri sunmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Balcanocerus balcanicus, Karınca İlişkisi, Türkiye The cicadellid Balcanocerus balcanicus (Horváth, 1903) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) was recently established as closely related with ants in Bulgaria (Gjonov, 2002; in contrast with previous reports on ant-attendance in family Cicadellidae mainly from tropics (Dietrich and McKamey, 1990; Moya-Raygoza and Nault, 2000; Souza and Francini, 2010). The relationships are known as trophobiotic because of sugar-rich droplets excreted by leafhoppers are imbibed by ants. Trophobiosis, or ant-attendance, is usually observed within aphids and coccids (Sternorrhyncha: Aphidoidea and Coccoidea) and it is less popular in hoppers (Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha). Balcanocerus balcanicus lives on the host plant Crataegus monogyna Jacq. (Rosaceae) where adults and nymphs form colonies actively tended by ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) (Figure 1.). Six ant species from two subfamilies – Lasius alienus (Förster), L. niger (Linnaeus), L. fuliginosus (Latreille), Formica pratensis Retzius, Camponotus vagus (Scopoli) (Formicinae) and Сrematogaster schmidti (Mayr) (Myrmicinae) have been known from these associations. All findings in the recent studies (Gjonov 2002, Gjonov & Lapeva-Gjonova, unpublished) of the leafhopper Balcanocerus balcanicus have been together with ants suggesting the obligatory character of their trophobiotic relationships. The study area is located at 3 km north of Hazar Lake which is in the northern part of Sivrice district ( 38°26´53´´K, 39°18´´28´´E1275 m ).The observations of ant-leafhopper relationships were on the host plants Crataegus monogyna Jacq. (Rosaceae), about 1,5 m high, available in apricot orchards. The field observations th th were conducted once per week from July 20 to August 20 in 2012. - 15 - Anadolu Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 3(2): 15-17, 2012 (Journal of Anatolian Natural Sciences) Here, we have reported first data about Balcanocerus balcanicus ant-attendance from Turkey after previous ones from Bulgaria. This species was found with additional three ant species from subfamily Formicinae: Camponotus gestroi Emery, C. xerxes Forel and Formica clara Forel. Nests of all three ant species are in the ground and inhabit xerothermic places. Nymphs from the last nymphal stages and adults were the most tended cicadellids by ants and usually one ant worker was around a B. balcanicus specimen. The species B. balcanicus is currently known from Adana, Bingöl, Karaman, Mersin and Nevşehir Provinces in Turkey (Önder et. al., 2011). This species is recorded for the first time from Elazığ Province. Previous study showed that Camponotus gestroi Emery and C. xerxes Forel species distributed to Elazığ province (Karaman, 2011). But, this study also provides the first record of F. clara in the province of Elazığ (Lapeva and Kıran, 2012). Present data on ant-attendance of the leafhopper B. balcanicus confirm the suggestion about its obligatory trophobiotic relationship with ants. Different ant species from two subfamilies (Formicinae and Myrmicinae) take part in these associations showing their non-specific character. New observations expand the knowledge for the rare trophobiotic cases between cicadellids and ants. Figure 1. Balcanocerus balcanicus (Horváth, 1903) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and ant colonies on host plant Crataegus monogyna Jacq. (Rosaceae) Acknowledgements We thanks to Prof.Dr. Nihat AKTAÇ (Trakya University, Department of Biology, Edirne, Turkey) for providing some literature. . - 16 - Anadolu Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 3(2): 15-17, 2012 (Journal of Anatolian Natural Sciences) References Dietrich, C.H., McKamey, S.H. 1990. Three new Idiocerine leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) from Guyana with notes on antmutualism and subsociality. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 92: 214-223. Gjonov, I. 2002. Data on the bionomics and distribution of Balcanocerus balcanicus (Horváth, 1903) (Homoptera, Cicadina, Cicadellidae) in Bulgaria. Entomological Review. 81: 338-339. Karaman, C. 2011. Revision of Camponotus Mayr, 1861 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Genus in Turkey. Phd thesis, Trakya University, Edirne,225 pp. Lapeva,G. A., Kıran, K. 2012. Ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Strandza (Istranca) Mountain and Black sea coast. North Western Journal of Zoology. 8 (1): 72-84. Moya-Raygoza, G., Nault, L.R. 2000, Obligatory Mutualism between Dalbulus quinquenotatus (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) and Attendant Ants. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 93: 929-940. Önder, F., Tezcan, S., Karsavuran, Y., Zeybekoğlu, Ü. 2011. The Cicadomorpha, Fulgoromorpha and Sternorrhyncha (Insecta: Hemiptera). Catalog of Turkey. Ege University Plant Protection Publications, 168 pp Souza, T.S., Francini, R.B. 2010. First record of trophobiotic interaction between a ponerine ant and a cicadelid bug. Psyche. 1-4. - 17 -